In this article we will explain a little about how to administer drugs properly and correctly in accordance with the procedure.
In the world of health better known as the principle of correct principles in drug administration.
For your health friends this might be something that you really understand. But let us discuss a little about the principle of 6 true drug administration, so that it might be used as a reference for colleagues.
Giving drugs to patients must be done properly. there should not be the slightest error in its delivery, because if mistaken the impact will be very bad for patients and also very bad for us health workers.
Well, let's get straight to our point, that is principle 6 is really giving medicine. For friends who already understand, please read and comment if our explanation is not right. and for those of you who are new to the principle 6 of drug administration, please read and compare it with other references so that knowledge of the principles in drug administration is wider.
Principles in Giving Patient medicine
1. True Patient:
The first principle that we must ensure for the administration of drugs is correct patient. to ensure that the patient we are going to give the medicine to. Patient identification must be carried out by asking the patient's name and identity to the conscious patient, with active questions or to the patient's family if the patient is unconscious, after that check the patient's identity such as the identity board on the bed, identity bracelets, and medical records written by the patient.
2. Correct Medication:
Medicines have trade names and generic names. Every drug with a foreign trade name (we have just heard the name) must be checked for its generic name, if necessary contact the pharmacist to ask about the generic name or the content of the drug. Before giving medication to patients, the label on the bottle or package must be checked three times. First when reading the drug request and the bottle is taken from the drug rack, the second bottle label is compared with the requested drug, third when it is returned to the drug rack. If the label is illegible, the contents may not be used and must be returned to the pharmaceutical department.
drugs must be examined carefully because often we find drugs that have almost the same name or almost the same appearance so it must be very thorough. this term in the world of health is known as "Look a Like, Sound a Like"
3. Correct Dosage:
Before giving medication, the nurse must check the dose. If in doubt, the nurse must consult with the doctor who wrote the prescription or pharmacist before proceeding to the patient. because the dose is very important. if the dose is not appropriate, excess can cause overdose for example and if the dose is lacking, the drug will not work optimally, if the dosage is not according to the doctor's request, we as nurses must be able to calculate the required dose.
4. Correct Way / Route:
Medication can be given through a number of different routes. The factors that determine the best route for administration are determined by the patient's general condition, the desired response speed, the chemical and physical properties of the drug, and the desired workplace. Drugs can be given orally, sublingual, parenteral, topical, rectal, inhalation.
Oral
Is the most common and most used route of administration, because it is economical, most convenient and safe. Drugs can also be absorbed through the oral cavity (sublingual or buccal) such as ISDN tablets.
Parenteral
This word comes from the Greek, para means besides, enteron means intestine, so parenteral means outside the intestine, or not through the digestive tract, namely through the vein (perset / perinfus).
Topical
Namely the administration of drugs through the skin or mucous membrane. For example ointments, lotions, creams, sprays, eye drops.
Rectal
The drug can be given by rectal route in the form of an enema or suppository which will melt at body temperature. Rectal administration is done to obtain local effects such as constipation (dulkolax supp), hemorrhoids (anusol), patients who are unconscious / seizure (stesolid supp). Giving perectal medicine has a faster effect than administering drugs in oral form, but unfortunately not all drugs are provided in the form of suppository.
Inhalation
Namely the administration of drugs through the respiratory tract. The airway has an epithelium for absorption that is very broad, thus useful for administering drugs locally in its channel, such as salbotamol (ventolin), combivants, berotek for asthma, or in emergencies such as oxygen therapy.
5. Correct Time:
This is very important, especially for drugs whose effectiveness depends on achieving or maintaining adequate blood levels. If the drug must be taken before meals, to obtain the required levels, it must be given one hour before meals. Remember that antibiotics should not be given
6. Correct Documentation:
After the drug is given, it must be documented, while the things that must be written in the documentation include, the patient's name, type of drug, dosage, route, time and the person who gave the drug.
If the patient refuses to enter the drug, the patient must sign a letter of refusal and the health worker must record it also documented, also record the reasons and reported.
The Purpose of the Right Principles for Drug Administration:
The correct principle in administering drugs has the aim to get the desired drug effect and can have a healing effect on a disease or complaint felt by someone and prevent errors in drug administration in order to maintain patient safety.
The conclusion is that giving medicine must be absolutely right. in accordance with principle 6, correct administration of the drug above in order to obtain maximum drug results, while maintaining patient safety.
